Foreign exchange robots win using "AA" to exploit uncertainty in the opening moments of a trade

70% of the Foreign Exchange market goes through robots. A new strategy "AA" (Adaptive Aggressive) consistently beats out humans, CDA (Continuous Double Auction), GD (named after the developers and belief-based) and ZIP (Zero Intelligence Plus) on the way to an equilibrium trading price.  AA ramps up the number of trades aggressively when something goes right, trading away the best profit on the immediate trade for the most number of trades with a chance of future profits.  Think "Three Minutes" for "Long Term".  See charts below from Luca & Cliff showing how quickly a fair or equilibrium price is reached and how much happens in the uncertain opening seconds of a trading opportunity as agents sound each other out.
Economics paper from Luca and Cliff here.  Hat tip to Science Daily News.